Chemical constituents of diterpenoids from Boswellia carterii / 中国中药杂志

This paper explored the chemical constituents of Boswellia carterii by column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data such as infrared radiation(IR), ultra violet(UV), mass spectrometry(MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR). Seven diterpenoids were isolated and purified from n-hexane of B. carterii. The isolates were identified as(1S,3E,7E,11R,12R)-11-hydroxy-1-isopropyl-4,8,12-trimethyl-15-oxabicyclo[10.2.1]pentadeca-3,7-dien-5-one(1),(1R,3S,4R,7E,11E)-4,8,12,15,15-pentamethyl-14-oxabicyclo[11.2.1]hexadeca-7,11-dien-4-ol(2), incensole(3),(-)-(R)-nephthenol(4), euphraticanoid F(5), dilospirane B(6), and dictyotin C(7). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were new and their absolute configurations were determined by comparison of the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroisms(ECDs). Compounds 6 and 7 were obtained from B. carterii for the first time.

Clinical observation on cluster acupuncture at scalp points combined with exercise therapy in treatment of limb spasm after stroke / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical effect of cluster acupuncture at scalp points in treating limb spasm after stroke on the basis of conventional exercise therapy.@*METHODS@#A total of 72 patients with limb spasm after stroke were randomly divided into an observation group (36 cases, 5 cases dropped off) and a control group (36 cases, 6 cases dropped off). The control group was treated with exercise therapy. In the observation group, on the basis of the control group, penetrating technique of acupuncture was exerted at Qianding (GV 21) to Baihui (GV 20), Xinhui (GV 22) to Qianding (GV 21), etc. once a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the changes of the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), simplified Fugl-Meyer motor assessment (FMA), and modified Barthel index (MBI) scores of the two groups were compared.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the MAS scores of upper and lower limbs in the two groups were lower than before treatment (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of FMA and BMI in the two groups were higher than before treatment (P<0.05), and the score of MBI in the observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of conventional exercise therapy, cluster acupuncture at scalp points can reduce the spasm, improve motor function and activities of daily living in patients with limb spasm after stroke.

A follow up study depressive and anxiety symptoms of children in Wuhan City, Hubei Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the progression of depressive and anxiety symptoms of children, especially whose parents were frontline workers in the combat of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to provide evidence for children s mental health promotion.@*Methods@#In June and December 2020, two surveys were conducted among the children in a primary school in Qiaokou District, Wuhan. The questionnaire included demographic information, student learning conditions, and depressive/anxiety symptoms.@*Results@#A total of 963 children completed both surveys. The detection rate of depressive and anxiety symptoms at follow up was significantly higher than that at the baseline survey (depressive symptoms: OR=1.45, 95%CI =1.16-1.83; anxiety symptoms: OR=1.79, 95%CI =1.41-2.28, P <0.01). There was no statistically significant change in depressive/anxiety symptoms among children whose parents were frontline workers compared with those whose parents were not( P >0.05). Girls, lower learning efficiency, and less interaction with teachers in class were risk factors for depressive or anxiety symptoms of children( P < 0.05 ).@*Conclusion@#Mental health status of children requires continuous attention. Moreover, timely psychological protection should be given to prevent the occurrence of psychological problems and the further deterioration of psychological problems.

Research progress on mental health of school age children under major public health emergencies / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Children were vulnerable groups in major public health emergencies. In 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was widespread in the world. The mental health of school age children has become a worldwide concern. Herein, we conducted this review to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of general children and special children with a high risk of psychological problems, focusing on the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and post traumatic stress disorder among school age children in different countries and regions during the COVID-19 epidemic. Considering the susceptibility between individuals and the accessibility of social resources, we further explored the child, family, and social related factors affecting the mental health of school age children. Finally, some suggestions on the construction of children s mental health service system in major public health emergencies were put forward at the national, school family community, and individual levels. Building a safe and reliable child mental health protection network required the joint efforts of all sectors of society.

Pharmacokinetic study of anti-human T-cell porcine immunoglobulin combined with cyclosporine A immunosuppressive therapy in patients with severe aplastic anemia / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To study the metabolic characteristics of anti-human T-cell porcine immunoglobulin (p-ATG) in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) . Methods: For patients with SAA treated with p-ATG combined cyclosporine A (CsA) immunosuppressants between February 2017 and December 2017, the p-ATG dose was 20 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1) over 12 h of intravenous administration for 5 consecutive days. The blood concentration of p-ATG was detected by the three-antibody sandwich ELISA method, the pharmacokinetic analysis software was fitted, and the second-chamber model method was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and plot the pharmacokinetic curve. Adverse events were recorded and the hematologic reactions were determined at 6 months after treatment. Results: Sixteen patients with SAA treated with p-ATG were enrolled, including 8 females and 8 males, with a median age of 22 years (range, 12 to 49 years) and a median weight of 62.5 kg (range, 37.5 to 82.0 kg) . The pharmacokinetics of p-ATG could be evaluated in 14 cases. p-ATG is distributed in vivo as a two-chamber model, with an average drug concentration peak (T(max)) of (5.786±2.486) days, a peak concentration (C(max)) of (616±452) mg/L, and a half-life of (10.479±8.242) days. The area under the drug time curve (AUC) was (5.807±3.236) mg/L·d. Six months after treatment, 8 of 14 patients received a hematologic response; the AUC (0-t) of the effective group and ineffective groups was (7.50±3.26) mg/L·d vs (4.50±2.18) mg/L·d, and the C(max) was (627±476) mg/L vs (584±382) mg/L, respectively. Conclusion: The plasma concentration of p-ATG reached a peak after 5 days of continuous infusion, and then decreased slowly, with a half-life of 10.479 days, and the residual drug concentration was detected in the body 60 days after administration. A relationship between drug metabolism and efficacy and adverse reactions could not be determined.

Characteristics of bone marrow compensatory erythropoiesis in hereditary spherocytosis / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To reveal the compensatory features of bone marrow (BM) erythropoiesis in hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and to explore the effect of diferent hemoglobin levels on this compensation. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data of patients with HS were collected, and the peripheral blood absolute reticulocytes counts value was taken as the surrogate parameter to evaluate the ability of erythropoiesis compensation. BM erythropoiesis compensation in HS with diferent degrees of anemia were evaluated. Results: ①Three hundred and two patients were enrolled, including 115 with compensated hemolytic disease, 74 with mild anemia, 90 with moderate anemia, and 23 with severe anemia. ②Hemoglobin (HGB) was negatively correlated with serum erythropoietin in the decompensated hemolytic anemia group (EPO; rs=-0.585, P<0.001) . ③The median absolute reticulocyte count (ARC) of HS patients was 0.34 (0.27, 0.44) ×10(12)/L, up to 4.25 times that of normal people. The maximum ARC was 0.81×10(12)/L, about 10 times that of normal people. The median ARC of patients with compensated hemolytic disease was 0.29 (0.22, 0.38) ×10(12)/L, up to 3.63 times that of normal people. The median ARC of patients with hemolytic anemia was 0.38 (0.30, 0.46) ×10(12)/L, which was significantly higher than the patients with compensated hemolytic disease, up to 4.75 times that of normal people (z=4.999, P=0.003) . ④ ARC was negatively correlated with HGB in the compensated hemolytic disease group (rs=-0.177, P=0.002) and positively correlated with HGB in the decompensated hemolytic anemia group (rs=0.191, P=0.009) . There was no significant difference in the ARC among patients with mild, moderate, and severe anemia (χ(2)=4.588, P=0.101) . ⑤The median immature reticulocyte production index of the mild, moderate, and severe anemia groups was 13.1% (9.1%, 18.4%) , 17.0% (13.4%, 20.8%) , and 17.8% (14.6%, 21.8%) , respectively; the mild anemia group had lower index values than the moderate and severe anemia groups (P(adj) values were both<0.05) , but there was no significant difference between the latter groups (P(adj)=1.000) . The median immature reticulocyte count of patients in the mild, moderate, and severe groups was 5.09 (2.60, 7.74) ×10(10)/L, 6.24 (4.34, 8.83) ×10(10)/L, and 7.00 (3.07, 8.22) ×10(10)/L, respectively; there was no significant difference among the groups (χ(2)=3.081, P=0.214) . Conclusion: HGB can be maintained at a normal level through bone marrow erythropoiesis, while red blood cells are reduced in HS. However, once anemia develops, the bone marrow exerts its maximum erythropoiesis capacity and does not increase, regardless of anemia aggravation or serum EPO increase.

Connotation and scientific research points of processing of Mongolian medicinal materials / 中草药·英文版

Traditional Mongolian medicine (TMM) is an important part of Chinese traditional culture, which plays an important role within the medical system of China. The processing of Mongolian medicinal materials is a pharmaceutical technology, which is the unique characteristics of Mongolian medicine. In this paper, the basic concepts related to the processing of Mongolian medicinal materials were introduced, and its scientific research points were put forward, in order to deeply excavate the connotation of Mongolian pharmacy and further study the processing mechanism of Mongolian medicinal materials, so as to provide important basis for the development of Chinese traditional medicine. The essence of Mongolian medicinal materials processing is to use drugs safely and dialectically to ensure the quality of Mongolian medicinal materials. The scientific research sites of Mongolian medicinal materials processing have two categories: reducing toxicity (increasing) effect and synergistic effect of excipients and processing factors. Because of the not perfect research platform of Mongolian medicinal materials and the weak processing power, the development of research of Mongolian medicinal materials is relatively slow. Therefore, there are many research breakthroughs in the interdisciplinary research on the processing of Mongolian medicinal materials, and it is expected to become a research hotspot.

Effect of Mitochondrial Autophagy in Clinical Diseases and Intervention by Chinese Medicine： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Mitochondrial autophagy is a process to clear dysfunctional mitochondria in the cytoplasm to maintain the integrity of mitochondrial function and cell homeostasis. Mitochondrial autophagy is a complex physiological process， which can maintain the balance of mitochondrial quality and quantity， cell survival under starvation and harsh conditions， and the stability of the intracellular environment. Its molecular mechanism involves a variety of proteins. Many factors can induce mitochondrial autophagy， such as starvation， oxidative stress， hypoxia， depolarization， and other stresses. The accumulation of unfolded proteins can also induce mitochondrial autophagy. In recent years， as a research hotspot， the abnormality of mitochondrial morphology and function is closely related to the occurrence of a variety of diseases. The research on mitochondrial autophagy and the pathogenesis of clinical diseases has attracted more attention， such as tumors， cardiovascular diseases， liver diseases， nervous system diseases， and glucose metabolism disorders. It has been found that regulating mitochondrial autophagy may inspire the treatment of some diseases. Meanwhile， clinical researchers have paid more attention to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. As revealed by in-depth research， Chinese medicine has a certain value in regulating mitochondrial autophagy. The research on the pathogenesis of mitochondrial autophagy in related diseases and the intervention of Chinese medicine has found that there are many reports on the regulation of mitochondrial autophagy by Chinese medicine in tumors， cardiovascular diseases， and nervous system diseases. However， the mechanism of mitochondrial autophagy， the balance of mitochondrial autophagy， and the difference in the activation or inhibition of mitochondrial autophagy by Chinese medicine remain unclear. The regulation of mitochondrial autophagy has become a new research target strategy of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of diseases. This paper reviewed the available literature in recent years to provide reference materials for the regulation of mitochondrial autophagy by Chinese medicine and ideas for the follow-up research of Chinese medicine in mitochondrial autophagy.

Effect of Mitochondrial Autophagy in Clinical Diseases and Intervention by Chinese Medicine： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Mitochondrial autophagy is a process to clear dysfunctional mitochondria in the cytoplasm to maintain the integrity of mitochondrial function and cell homeostasis. Mitochondrial autophagy is a complex physiological process， which can maintain the balance of mitochondrial quality and quantity， cell survival under starvation and harsh conditions， and the stability of the intracellular environment. Its molecular mechanism involves a variety of proteins. Many factors can induce mitochondrial autophagy， such as starvation， oxidative stress， hypoxia， depolarization， and other stresses. The accumulation of unfolded proteins can also induce mitochondrial autophagy. In recent years， as a research hotspot， the abnormality of mitochondrial morphology and function is closely related to the occurrence of a variety of diseases. The research on mitochondrial autophagy and the pathogenesis of clinical diseases has attracted more attention， such as tumors， cardiovascular diseases， liver diseases， nervous system diseases， and glucose metabolism disorders. It has been found that regulating mitochondrial autophagy may inspire the treatment of some diseases. Meanwhile， clinical researchers have paid more attention to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. As revealed by in-depth research， Chinese medicine has a certain value in regulating mitochondrial autophagy. The research on the pathogenesis of mitochondrial autophagy in related diseases and the intervention of Chinese medicine has found that there are many reports on the regulation of mitochondrial autophagy by Chinese medicine in tumors， cardiovascular diseases， and nervous system diseases. However， the mechanism of mitochondrial autophagy， the balance of mitochondrial autophagy， and the difference in the activation or inhibition of mitochondrial autophagy by Chinese medicine remain unclear. The regulation of mitochondrial autophagy has become a new research target strategy of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of diseases. This paper reviewed the available literature in recent years to provide reference materials for the regulation of mitochondrial autophagy by Chinese medicine and ideas for the follow-up research of Chinese medicine in mitochondrial autophagy.

Effect of different tooth preparation designs on the marginal and internal fit discrepancies of cobalt-chromium crowns produced by computer-aided designing and selective laser melting processes

PURPOSE@#To evaluate the impact of five different tooth preparation designs on the marginal and internal fit discrepancies of cobalt-chromium (CoCr) crowns produced by computer-aided designing (CAD) and selective laser melting (SLM) processes. @*MATERIALS AND METHODS@#Five preparation data were constructed, after which design crowns were obtained. Actual crowns were fabricated using an SLM process. After the data of actual crowns were obtained with structural light scanning, intaglio surfaces of the design crown and actual crown were virtually superimposed on the preparation. The fit-discrepancies were displayed with colors, while the root means square was calculated and analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey’s test or Kruskal-Wallis test (α =.05). @*RESULTS@#The marginal or internal color-coded images in the five design groups were not identical. The shoulder-lip and sharp line angle groups in the CAD or SLM process had larger marginal or internal fit discrepancies compared to other groups (P < .05). In the CAD process, the mean marginal and internal fit discrepancies were 10.0 to 24.2 µm and 29.6 to 31.4 µm, respectively. After the CAD and SLM processes, the mean marginal and internal fit discrepancies were 18.4 to 40.9 µm and 39.1 to 47.1 µm, respectively. The SLM process itself resulted in a positive increase of the marginal (6.0 – 16.7 µm) and internal (9.0 – 15.7 µm) fit discrepancies. @*CONCLUSION@#The CAD and SLM processes affected the fit of CoCr crowns and varied based on the preparation designs. Typically, the shoulder-lip and sharp line angle designs had a more significant effect on crown fit. However, the differences between the design groups were relatively small, especially when compared to fit discrepancies observed clinically.

Second-generation Sequencing Analysis of Ph / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To screen the core genes of Philadelphia chromosome positive/Ph like T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph@*METHODS@#The WES/RNA-seq examination results of Ph@*RESULTS@#For Ph@*CONCLUSION@#There are obviously abnormal DNA damage repair pathways in children with Ph

Relationship between Changes of Lymphocyte Subsets and Early Hematologic Response in Immunosuppressive Therapy of Severe Aplastic Anemia Patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship between the change of lymphocyte subsets before and after immunosuppressive therapy (IST) with disease severity of severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and hematologic response to IST.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 94 patients with SAA/VSAA treated by r-ATG and CsA in our hospital from December 2009 to October 2011 was analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 26 patients who had sequential data of lymphocyte subsets and cytokines before and after treatment were enrolled. The relationship between lymphocyte subsets, cytokine level before IST and disease severity, as well as the relationship between changes if lymphocyte subsets, changes of cytokine and the HR after IST for 6 months was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#There were no statistical differences in the ratio and absolute count of lymphocyte, the ratio and absolute count of each lymphocyte subsets, including CD3@*CONCLUSION@#The hematopoietic recovery and early hematologic remission may be affected by the intensity of immune suppression reflected from the changes of lymphocyte subsets and the immune reconstruction reflected from the recovery of lymphocyte subsets. The immune reconstruction is most significant within 3 months after IST.

Synergistic Mechanism of Interferon alpha-1b, Interleukin-2 and Thalidomide for Immune Regulation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the synergistic immunomodulatory mechanism of interferon alpha-1b, interleukin-2 and thalidomide (ITI) regimen on patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).@*METHODS@#Sixty eight untreated de novo or relapsed or refractory or maintenance therapy patients with AML admitted in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the other 11 medical units from March 2016 to May 2019 were treated with ITI regimen. Peripheral blood specimen per patient was collected into EDTA-K3 anticoagulation vacuum tube before the administration of ITI and 3 months after the treatment; peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and perforin and Granzyme B expression were analyzed by using flow cytometry; the levels of VEGF, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6 in the plasma were detected by using a cytometric bead array. Thirty-five healthy subjects from the hospital physical examination centre were selected as normal controls.@*RESULTS@#The ratio of CD4@*CONCLUSION@#The ITI regimen can raise the ratio of CD4

Rapid chemome profiling of chemical components of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos using DI-MS/MS~(ALL) / 中国中药杂志

A new method of MS/MS~(ALL) was designed to sequentially record a MS~2 spectrum at each unit mass window through gas phase fractionation concept, so as to offer an opportunity for universal MS~2 spectral recording with direct infusion(DI). As a proof-of-concept, DI-MS/MS~(ALL) was applied for rapid chemome profiling of a famous herbal medicine named Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. After each MS~2 spectrum was correlated to its precursor ion, the structural annotation was conducted by applying well-defined mass cracking rules, matching the mass spectral data with literatures and referring to those accessible databases. As a result, a total of 54 components were identified from Lonicerae Japonicae Flos extract, including 21 phenolic acids, 13 flavonoids, 12 iridoids, 4 triterpenoids and 4 other compounds. Therefore, DI-MS/MS~(ALL) is a powerful tool for comprehensive, rapid qualitative analysis of chemical profiles of traditional Chinese medicine and other chemical components of complex systems.

One new cembranoid diterpene from gum resin of Boswellia carterii / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to study the chemical components from the gum resin of Boswellia carterii. Five cembranoid diterpenes were isolated from the gum resin of B. carterii by various of column chromatographies including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties, mass spectrometry(MS), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), Ultraviolet(UV) and infrared(IR) spectroscopic data. These compounds were identified as(1S,2E,4R,5S,7E,11E)-4-methoxy-5-hydroxycembrane(1),(1R~*,4R~*,5E,8E,12E,15E)-4-hydroxycembra-5,8,12,15-tetraene(2), cembrene A(3),(3S,4S,7R)-4-hydroxycembrane(4), and pavidolide D(5). Compound 1 was a new compound. Compounds 2, 4, and 5 were obtained from the gum resin of B. carterii for the first time. Compound 2 showed weak inhibition on the human liver cancer cell line HepG2.

Bile acid derivatives-focused chemical profiling in snake bile / 中国中药杂志

As a precious traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), snake bile has been widely used in numerous Chinese medicine prescriptions. Bile acid(BA) derivatives have been demonstrated as the primary chemical family in snake bile. In-depth chemical characterization of BAs is of great importance towards the establishment of quality standards and clarification of the effective material basis for snake bile. This study firstly employed ~1H-NMR to preliminarily analyze the chemical profiles of snake bile, an automated fraction collector was subsequently implemented to obtain the fractions-of-interest. The fraction was then concentrated and re-analyzed by LC-MS. Based on ~1H-NMR, BAs were found to be the main components of snake bile, and six BAs including CDCA, CA, TCDCA, TCA, TDCA and GCA were tentatively identified from the representative spectrum with the assistance of literature and reference compounds. Whereas the content of TCA in snake bile was too great, resulting in a great obstacle for the detection of trace components, the automated fraction collector was subsequently implemented to obtain the fractions-of-interest for LC-MS analysis. According to matching MS/MS information and retention time with reference compounds as well as database retrieval, a total of 57 BAs were detected and annotated. Because of the combination of ~1H-NMR and LC-MS platforms, the findings are beneficial for the in-depth characterization of BAs in snake bile, which provides references for the establishment of quality control and evaluation methods of snake bile.

Mechanism of UGT2A3 differentially expression in the occurrence and early diagnosis of colorectal cancer / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective:To investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of UGT2A3 differential expression in colorectal carcinogenesis.Methods:Nine CRC datasets were downloaded from GEO database and TCGA. R language was used to analyze the differential expression of UGT2A3 in cancer and normal tissues. According to the expression level of UGT2A3 in TCGA, the top 20 samples with the highest expression and the lowest expression were selected from normal tissues and CRC tissues, respectively. The abundance of immune cells and immune enrichment score were compared, the differentially expressed genes and differentially expressed miRNAs were screened, and the pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes was performed.Results:UGT2A3 was down regulated in all 9 CRC datasets. In all sample types, compared with the UGT2A3 high expression group, the UGT2A3 low expression group had significantly higher ImmuneScore, EstimateScoreandStromalScore, and had higher abundance of immune cells (except memory B cells). In normal tissues, the differential expression of UGT2A3 mainly affects cancer-related pathways, while in tumor tissues, it mainly affects metabolic pathways. miR-194-2, miR-224 and miR-551b were differentially expressed in all groups, which were considered as potential UGT2A3 upstream regulatory genes in CRC.Conclusions:UGT2A3, miR-194-2, miR-224 and miR-551b can be used as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC.

Research on in vivo metabolites of Longxue Tongluo Capsules by liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry / 中国中药杂志

Longxue Tongluo Capsules(LTC) has good efficacy against blood stasis syndrome during the recovery period of ischemic stroke. Its main active ingredient is the phenolic extract of Chinese dragon's blood. In our previous study, the primary mass fragmentation pathways of phenolic derivatives from LTC were clarified. Herein, the metabolites in rat plasma were characterized following the oral administration of loureirin A and loureirin C using liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectro-metry(LC-IT-TOF-MS), with 18 and 55 metabolites identified, respectively. On this basis, with the help of the obtained accurate molecular weight, characteristic fragment ions, reference comparison, combined with LTC database and natural products database self-created in our group, 18 prototypes and 106 metabolites were tentatively identified in rat plasma after oral gavage of LTC at a dose of 500 mg·kg~(-1). Glucuronidation, sulfonation, and methylation were major biotransformation pathways of LTC. This study preliminarily clarified the LTC constituents absorbed into blood and laid the foundation for clarifying the effective substances of LTC.

Rapid chemome profiling of Cistanche salsa using DI-MS/MS~(ALL) / 中国中药杂志

The current study aims to rapidly and comprehensively profile the chemical composition of Cistanche salsa using direct infusion coupled with MS/MS~(ALL)(DI-MS/MS~(ALL)). The C. salsa extract was directly imported into electrospray ionization(ESI) source of quadrupole time-of-flight(Q-TOF) mass spectrometer with an infusion pump at a flow rate of 10 μL·min~(-1). Acquisition program was applied under negative ionization polarity to collect one MS~1 spectrum(m/z 50-1 200), followed by 1 150 MS~2 spectra with precursor isolation window(m/z 1) amongst mass range m/z 50-1 200. After each MS~2 spectrum was matched to its precursor ion, putative identification was conducted through matching mass spectral data with literature and database. A total of 31 components were identified from C. salsa, including 9 phenylethanoid glycosides, 2 iridoids, 4 saccharides, 9 organic acids, and 7 other compounds, similar to those from C. tubulosa and C. deserticola. In conclusion, DI-MS/MS~(ALL), a facile and reliable analytical tool, can be employed for qualitative analysis of chemical constituents in C. salsa. The research offers a promising strategy to achieve rapid chemome profiling of herbal medicine and provides an alternative source of Cistanches Herba.

Condensed tannins from roots of Indigofera stachyodes / 中国中药杂志

Eleven condensed tannins were isolated from the roots of Indigofera stachyodes by various column chromatography techniques including silica gel, octadecyl silica(ODS), Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). These compounds were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties, nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) and mass spectrometry(MS) data as stachyotannin A(1), epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→8)-epiafzelechin-(4β→8)-catechin(2), cinnamtannin D1(3), cinnamtannin B1(4), epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→8)-epiafzelechin-(4α→8)-epicatechin(5), gambiriin C(6), proanthocyanidin A1(7), proanthocyanidin A2(8), aesculitannin B(9), proanthocyanidin A4(10), and procyanidin B5(11). Compound 1 is a new compound. Compounds 2-11 were isolated from Indigofera for the first time. Furthermore, compounds 1, 2, and 4-11 showed inhibitory effects on thrombin-induced ATP release in platelets.